Travel

Manmade structures can be incredible feats of architectural accomplishment when they’re aboveground. When they’re belowground, this accomplishment can be even more impressive. Underground structures require a wealth of innovation that aboveground structures often don’t require. If you’re interested in some of the most incredible architectural feats currently available in the world, consider these six biggest underground structures that far surpass the typical bar.

1. Deepest Subway Station

If you’ve ever been on the New York City subway, you know that subway stations can be surprisingly far below ground. However, Arsenalna Station in Kyiv, Ukraine is double the depth of even the deepest NYC stop. This stop is 346 feet below ground.

The reason for this extremely deep subway stop has to do with the unique positioning of Arsenalna itself. Arsenalna is on the top of a tall hill, surrounded by a steep valley and a river. The design team for the metro station realized that instead of making the train go up and down the hill to deliver people to Arsenalna, they could instead go directly through the hill. With this idea, the deepest subway station ever was born.

2. Deepest Basement

When you think of the Sydney Opera House, you probably think of the incredible appearance of the building. Of course, this is itself a monumental architectural success, but it’s not the end of the architectural finesse the Sydney Opera House has been able to showcase.

The parking garage under the Sydney Opera House is in fact the world’s deepest basement. It stretches 120 feet underground. Rather than just being an underground square, as though the designers had picked up an aboveground parking lot and put it under the Sydney Opera House, it’s a creative double helix shape to accommodate fire restrictions.

3. Longest Underground Tunnel

For many years, getting through the Swiss Alps was a huge challenge that required a lot of uphill and downhill travel. With the help of the Gotthard Base Tunnel, however, it’s much easier. This 35-mile tunnel is the first-ever flat route through the Alps.

It took about 28 million metric tons of rock to create this tunnel, including 73 different types of rock. At its deepest point, the tunnel reaches 8,040 feet below the surface, creating a temperature of 115 degrees in unvented areas.

4. Deepest Building Foundation

Skyscrapers need gigantic building foundations to ensure they don’t fall over. Skyscrapers in earthquake-prone areas need this even more. The Salesforce Tower, in earthquake-prone San Francisco, needed a record-breaking foundation that was 310 feet deep, including an acre-wide 14-foot-thick concrete slab.

The fact that this skyscraper was in such an earthquake-prone area caused the designers to push as hard as possible for brand new ways to keep the skyscraper safe. That means it set new benchmarks in seismic safety, ensuring against common problems like foundation settlement.

5. Biggest Underground City

Underground feats aren’t just something that has happened in the modern world. In the ancient world, underground manmade structures existed as well. A great example is the Derinkuyu tunnels under Cappadocia in Turkey, which stretches down 18 stories.

The Derinkuyu tunnels were fully formed by around 1200 CE, with locals using them to hide out during battles that would happen in the area. However, they were lost in the early 1900s. Then, they were rediscovered in 1963 on accident by a Turkish man when he tried to renovate his basement.

6. Deepest Underground Research Center

Research centers need extreme sensitivity when it comes to readings. This is especially true when doing physics experiments; cosmic radiation can actually impact super-sensitive physics readings. That’s why China’s Jinping Underground Laboratory, at 7,900 feet deep, is offering another option.

This laboratory is inside a former gold mine, which is great because it means that scientists can just drive in without having to take complicated machinery down into the research facility. Plus, cosmic noise can be reduced by a factor of more than 10 million.

Conclusion

Underground structures can be incredibly amazing to do more research on. Whether it’s one of these or a completely different world record holder, never be afraid to look into the most incredible architectural accomplishments created by humans.

 

New situations and experiences can be upsetting for the entire family, including your pet dog. Throughout the moving process, there will be disruption while everything is being relocated. Your fur kid’s usual routine goes haywire in addition to the confusion and disruption. Your fur kid will realize that his surroundings, smells and household items have changed dramatically. It’s not surprising that some dogs will become worried, especially those who are sensitive to change. If you’re planning a move, it is important to plan ahead so that your pet dog stays safe, happy and settles quickly into the new home.

You may wish to ask a relative or a good friend whom your dog is familiar with to look after your dog for the duration of the move while you concentrate on the actual house move without having to worry about your dog’s welfare and whereabouts. You may even consider pet boarding for your dog. Once you are settled in your new home, with everything unpacked and order restored, your dog can then be collected. You’ll then have the time dedicated to introduce your pet dog to your new home.

If you decide to bring your dog with you on the moving date, you can follow these simple and helpful tips:

1. Introduce the carrier or crate

If your pets will be traveling in a kennel or crate on the moving day, train them to sleep in it several weeks before the big move and reward them with treats. Leave some of your dog’s favorite toys and snacks in the carrier on the moving day.

2. On moving day

Ensure that your pet dog is safe and placed in an empty room far from the movers and moving commotion. If this precaution is not taken, your fur kid would be in danger by getting into open boxes or in the way of movers. It also prevents them from hiding and not being located when the time has come for them to be moved. Place some of your dog’s favorite toys, food, water, and bedding in the temporary room to comfort your fur kid.

3. Person in charge

On the day of the move, it would be very helpful to have one member of the family who is responsible over your dog. This way, you always have a point of reference and know that the nominated person knows where your dog is. This will also give your dog some comfort.

4. Moving your pet dog in your vehicle

Ensure that your furry friend is placed inside a carrier when traveling in your vehicle. There are a few restraint options that you can choose, namely harness seat belts, zipline harnesses and carry boxes with harness attachments. Other options include back seat hammocks, back seat barriers and dog guards if your dog will be placed in the boot of your car.

5. Don’t feed just before the car trip

Eating right before a long trip in the car can result in an upset tummy for your pet dog and possibly, a big mess for you!

6. Find a reliable pet transportation service

For a safe and professional transportation of your beloved pet dog, you can browse the Shiply website to find the best pet transportation service to move your dog to your new home. All it takes is to fill out a simple online form and several free quotes will be emailed to you for you to compare rates to ship your pets.

 

 

Los Angeles always surprises. The city of the stars hides secrets behind every corner. Make no mistake, on the typical trip to the West Coast of the United States, Los Angeles is the black sheep. The 15 or 20 days of vacation we have to cross the pond to the United States and travel through parts of California, Nevada and Utah looking for icons of the American way of life will leave us little time for a city of undoubted attractiveness but hidden by other natural jewels and much more exuberant urban In addition, Los Angeles is a brutal city, long, very extensive and complex, very complex in the urban. So to be able to visit it in a few days you have to take into account some things and follow the diction of “who covers a lot of little pressure”.

Rent a vehicle

No discussion, having a rental car in Los Angeles is basic. Public transport is mediocre and the distances are otherwise incomprehensible. It is fundamental because we speak of an immense city, with long distances and very extensive. If you give the budget, take it with GPS, if you do not try to have a friend lend it to you because it will be your best companion during the days you spend in Los Angeles. Without it, getting anywhere can become an authentic odyssey. Do not worry about parking because it is not a problem, there are many parking lots and they are not expensive. The public parking areas are also very good. But beware, they are very strict with the schedules so if you go beyond the limit hours, when you get back in the car you can find a gift disguised as a fine. You should also be very careful with the speed limits because they are very controlled and the penalties are hard. Of course, the pleasure of listening to the Guns and Roses while driving to Santa Monica Beach is priceless. You can also travel to famous casinos there but if you hate crowds while playing, you should click on onlinecasinodeutschland.com.de as it can be very helpful.

Don’t miss out on the accommodation

In such a big city it can be a headache to decide in which area you stay to sleep. Although for some it is not a problem to decide where they are going to stay, it does not stop being a place on which the visit to the whole city pivots. For those who come doing the route along the Pacific coast, a good place to find rest can be in Santa Monica. Although it is not in the center of the city, the accesses to the downtown of LA are quite easy and fast (except at peak hours) and, in exchange, you can enjoy the tranquility and the bustle at the same time.

The BlueInn Motel for 50 dollars a night with breakfast is a good option in the area. The other is to stay in the same center, next to Hollywood Boulevard, the Walk of Fame. There we recommend The Hollywood Hotel, on Yucca Street and very close to the main tourist attractions. Its blue façade is reminiscent of the California Hotel of the Eagles.

Plan well

Before arriving at the city of cinema and the stars it is important to be clear about what we want to see. It is advisable to make a small planning of the route that we will make depending on the time we will spend in the city. No hassles, because surely on the road you change the course. I have to admit that my first impression of the city was a bit disappointing. Maybe because we’re too used to seeing it in movies and series. That is why we may have a preconceived idea that does not correspond to reality, at least at the beginning. But calm, it was only a matter of hours that changed my first impression.

To read more on topics like this, check out the travel category.